河南上天梯膨润土工艺矿物学研究

Study of process mineralogy of bentonite from Shangtianti,Henan

本文以河南省信阳市上天梯地区的膨润土为对象,对其主要物相的赋存状态进行了工艺矿物学研究。结果表明上天梯膨润土中的主要矿物成分为钙基蒙脱石和方石英。方石英是主要杂质,其粒度为0.1～1.5μm,与蒙脱石的伴生关系密切。蒙脱石属二八面体钙基蒙脱石,颗粒细小,近85%的粒径小于100μm。主要杂质为C型蛋白石,颗粒呈聚集态,单个蛋白石的粒径约为10～50nm,集合体粒径约为300～1000nm,与细粒蒙脱石接近。蛋白石分散于蒙脱石周围或附着于蒙脱石片层之上以及蒙脱石颗粒之间。

A process mineralogy study of the occurrence of its main phases,with bentonite from Shangtianti,Henan as object,was carried out.The results showed that Shangtianti bentonite mainly consists of montmorillonite and cristobalite.The cristobalite is a major impurity with 0.1～1.5μm in particle size and closely associated with montmorillonite.Montmorillonite is of calcium based dioctahedron and around 85% of which have particle size of less than 100μm.The main impurity of bentonite was C type opal with its particles being aggregate and the singal opal is about 10～50nm in particle size.The aggregate particles are 300～1000nm,which is similar to the montmorillonite size.The opal particles are distributed separately around the montmorillonite or adsorbed on the layer of montmorillonite or between the granules.