超声心动图对正常胎儿心肌厚度的研究

Research of normal fetal myocardial thickness by echocardiography

目的:运用超声心动图探讨不同孕周正常胎儿的心肌厚度及其随孕周变化的规律,为诊断胎儿心肌病提供依据。方法:随机抽取孕20～40周的正常单胎胎儿257例进行胎儿超声心动图检查,在四腔心切面测量舒张期左室壁、右室壁、室间隔、左室及右室心尖部的心肌厚度,采用统计学方法比较不同部位心肌厚度的差别,分析心肌厚度与孕周之间的关系。结果:胎儿心肌厚度因孕周不同而不同,所检测的左、右心室壁,室间隔,左、右心室心尖部5个部位中右室壁最厚,均随着孕周增长而增厚,且心肌厚度与孕周之间存在直线相关关系。结论:超声心动图评价胎儿心肌方便、准确、可重复性强,参照不同孕周正常胎儿心肌的厚度参考值范围诊断胎儿肥厚性心肌病有助于降低漏诊率,对优生优育有重要意义。

Objective： To explore normal fetal myocardial thickness and its growth regularity with gestational age by echocardio-graphy, and to provide the basis for diagnosis of fetal cardiomyopathy. Methods： The 257 fetuses of 20 - 40 pregnant weeks were randomly extracted from pregnant women. The fetal myocardial thickness of the left and right ventricular wall, ventricular septum, left and right ven-tricular apex were measured in the four - chamber view in relaxation period. The difference of myocardial thickness of the five parts was com- pared by using statistical methods and the relationship between myocardial thickness and gestational age was analyzed. Results： Fetal myo- cardial thickness was different from different pregnant weeks. The thickness of right ventricular wall was thickest among the five parts. The fetal myocardial thickness grew with the increasing of pregnant week and there was linear correlation between them. Conclusion ： It is con- venient, accurate and repeatable to evaluate fetal myocardium by echocardiography. It is helpful to decrease the rate of missed diagnosis of fetal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy to diagnose it according to the reference value range of normal fetal myocardial thickness of different gesta-tional weeks and there is important significance in eugenics.