贸易开放、产出增长与收入结构优化——来自国家级高新区的经验证据

Trade Openness,Output Growth and the Optimization of Income Structure:Evidence from National Hi-tech Zones in China

本文重点考察了贸易开放对我国国家级高新区产出增长与收入结构的影响,运用2007-2010年我国54个国家级高新区的面板数据,采用两阶段最小二乘法(2SLS)进行了实证分析,研究表明:与FDI的作用不同,在控制了其他影响因素后,贸易开放加剧了市场竞争,不利于高新区的产出增长;技术收入随着贸易开放度的提高而下降,高新区收入结构差距被拉大,稳健性检验结果表明该结论是可靠的。通过进一步的理论阐述,本文认为贸易的竞争挤占效应对高新区技术收入的影响较为显著,而在开放环境下高新区的收益转化作用并不明显,从某种意义上说,这并不利于高新区的发展与转型。这一结论对进一步明确我国高新区功能定位,培育企业在国际竞争下的的生存与适应能力具有尤为重要的政策含义。

This paper investigates the impacts of trade openness on the output growth and the optimization of income structure for National Hi-tech Zones.Using the panel data of 54 Chinese National Hi-tech Zones from 2007 to 2010 to conduct empirical analysis,the paper finds that trade openness is unfavorable to the output growth of hi-tech zones and widens the gaps of the income structure,which is different from the roles of FDI.Furthermore,the study indicates that the trade effects of competition to the technical revenue for hi-tech zones is obvious,while the effect of revenue conversion is insignificant in the open economy.To some extent,it is contrary to the development and transition of hi-tech zones.Therefore,there are particularly important policy implications to get a clear functional orientation for the development of hi-tech zones and cultivate the abilities of survival and adaptation for enterprises under the international competitions.