我院158例抗菌药物不良反应相关因素分析

Analysis on Related Factors of 158 Cases of Antibiotics-induced ADR

目的:总结我院近年来在使用抗菌药物后发生不良反应的相关因素,提出预防和减少抗菌药物不良反应的方法。方法:针对医院抗菌药物不良反应监测委员会2009年1月-2012年1月年度报告表进行研究,分析抗菌药物致不良反应与性别、年龄、既往史、所用抗菌药物、发生时间、患者临床表现的关系。结果:抗菌药物不良反应较多发生于60岁以上患者,引发ADR的药物种类以注射用青霉素类和喹诺酮类较常见,主要以皮肤及其附件损害表现为主,且发生时间上一般为超过24h的迟发型反应。结论:常用的抗菌药物中青霉素类和喹诺酮类较易发生以皮肤及其附件损害为主的不良反应;临床应尽量减少静脉给药方式,提倡口服用药。

OBJECTIVE：To sum up related factors of antibiotics-induced ADR in our hospital in recent year,and to put forward the methods for the prevention and reduction of antibiotics-induced ADR.METHODS：According to annual reports of hospital antibiotic ADR monitoring committee during Jan.2009-Jan.2012,the relationship of antibiotics-induced ADR with gender,age,history,use of antibiotics,occurrence time and clinical manifestations,etc.RESULTS：The antibiotics-induced ADR more frequently happened in patients over the age 60,and ADR was more susceptible to penicillin injection and quinolones;main clinical manifestations were lesion of skin and appendants,and occurrence time generally was more than 24 h.CONCLUSIONS：Among commonly used antibiotics,penicillin and quinolones are more prone to lesion of skin and appendants,and oral administration is suggested to minimize the intravenous administration.