数控摆角铣头的消隙机构设计

Anti-backlash mechanism design of CNC rotary milling head

针对间隙非线性对数控摆角铣头传动精度的影响,提出采用双电动机驱动双蜗轮蜗杆副的消隙方法,即控制一侧电动机的转角和两侧电动机的同步差来精确控制蜗轮蜗杆副的转角,进而控制主轴的摆角。消隙时,一侧蜗杆与蜗轮正向旋转的齿面啮合,另一侧蜗杆与蜗轮反向旋转的齿面啮合。工作时,一侧电动机驱动,另一侧电动机保持同步随动,避免因自锁产生干涉,从而消除主轴摆动的传动间隙,提高了主轴的摆动精度。通过建立消隙机构的数学模型并进行仿真实验,验证了该消隙方法的有效性和可行性。

According to the influence of backlash nonlinearity on the transmission precision of rotary milling head,the method of dual-motor driving dual-worm and worm gear is proposed to eliminate the backlash.Rotation angle of the worm will be controlled precisely by controlling the rotation angle of motor on one side and the simultaneous differential of motors on both sides,and then,rotation angle of the spindle can be controlled.When eliminating the backlash,motor on one side meshes with the forward rotation tooth surface of the worm gear,and motor on the other side meshes with the reverse rotation tooth surface of the worm gear.When working,motor on one side drives and motor on the other side maintains synchronous servo,and this can avoid the interference due to self-locking,therefore,backlash of the spindle rotation can be eliminated.By establishing the mathematical model of anti-backlash mechanism and doing simulation experiments,effectiveness and feasibility of this anti-backlash method are verified.