合成地震记录标定反射层位方法简析

Synthetic Seismic Record Reflection Horizon Standardization Method Analysis

地震层位的标定是地震勘探构造解释的基础,合成地震记录与井旁道对比是层位标定的一个主要方法。层位标定精度除了受地震资料本身的质量及测井资料质量影响之外,制作合成地震记录的准确性取决于地震剖面极性、反射系数、平均速度、地震子波等关键因素的精度。通过介绍确定各种参数的关键技术,提出了在标定地震发射层位中采用的具体方法和标准,如利用相关系数对比时相关系数应大于0.6;利用平均速度对比确定的人工合成地震记录与实际剖面形态差异较小;时深调整前后测井曲线在形态上不应存在差异等。另外为提高对比精度,对目的层段时深关系进行调整时,应结合其他资料,如电性曲线、岩性剖面及钻井地质分层等信息,使之符合地质规律。

Standardization of seismic horizon is the basis of seismic prospecting structural interpretation, while the synthetic seismic re- cord and well-side seismic trace contrast is a main method in horizon standardization. Besides impacts from seismic data quality per se and logging data quality to the accuracy of horizon standardization, the exactitude of synthetic seismic record execution lies on accuracy of critical factors of polarity of seismic profile, coefficient of reflection, mean velocity, seismic wavelet etc. Through introduction to vari- ous parameters determination key technology, the specific method and standard adopted in seismic transmitting horizon standardization put forward. Such as if using related coefficient to contrast, it should be larger than 0.6; the artificial synthetic seismic record from mean velocity contrast has smaller difference with actual section configuration; logging trace configurations before and after time-depth adjustment should have no differences etc. Besides, in order to improve contrastive accuracy, when carry out target time-depth adjust- ment, should combine with other information, such as electric curves, lithologic section and borehole geological layering etc. to comply with geological regularity.