流动人口社区卫生管理与服务实践研究

Community Health Management and Service Practice for Floating Population

目的探讨流动人口社区卫生管理与服务实践效果,构建流动人口社区卫生服务体系,以满足流动人口卫生需求,为政府部门制定流动人口卫生服务相关政策和措施提供科学依据。方法以舟山市为范围,通过"新居民健康银行"机制和"分类管理与服务"原则,实施流动人口健康管理项目,提高流动人口卫生服务可及性和健康水平。结果将流动人口列入基本公共卫生服务人群范畴,促进服务均等化。2012年流动儿童的建卡建证率和五苗全程接种率较2010年分别上升了1.67%和8.33%,2012年流动人口儿童保健覆盖率较2010年上升2.44%,系统管理率上升0.04%。全市连续6年在海岛条件下实现流动人口孕产妇"零死亡"。2012年较2011年流动人口基本卫生知识总体知晓率提高7.27%,健康行为形成率提高1.53%。结论通过机制政策引导,加强流动人口信息管理和卫生保健服务,有助于促进流动人口主动利用社区卫生服务,从而提高健康水平。

Objective To investigate the effect of community heatlh management and service practice and build up community health service system for floating population, so as to meet the demands of the floating population, and provide a sci- entific basis for the government departments to formulate the relative policies and measures for floating population health serv- ice. Methods In Zhoushan City ＂ new healthy banks of residents＂ were established and ＂ classified management and service＂ principle was carried out in implementation of health management programs for floating population, thus improving accessibility of health services and their health status. Results The floating population were included in the scope of the basic public health serv- ices, promoting service equalization. Compared with 2010, in 2012 the rates of card establishment and full coverage of five kinds of vaccination for floating children increased by 1.67% and 8.33% respectively, the coverage rate of the children＇s heahh by 2.44%, and systematic management rate by 0. 04%. And ＂ zero - death＂ in floating maternity women was achieved for consecutive 6 years under the condition of island. Compared with 2011, in 2012 the total awareness rate of basic health knowledge went up by 7. 27%, and the developed rate of healthy behavior was raised by 1.53%. Conclusion The enhancement of infor- mation management and healthcare service of floating population by policy guidance can help to promote the active utilization of community health services of the floating population, so as to improve the level of health.