MicroRNA作为肿瘤治疗靶点的研究进展

Research progress on microRNA as a cancer therapeutic target

近年研究发现,miRNAs与肿瘤的发生、发展存在着密切的关系。与正常组织相比,肿瘤组织中miRNA的表达谱发生明显的变化,并且miRNA与抑癌基因或原癌基因相互作用,在肿瘤的发生和发展中扮演着重要角色。某些miRNA可具备癌基因的功能,下调抑癌基因的表达,促进了肿瘤的增殖、转移和浸润等;也有一些miRNA具备抑癌基因的功能,下调癌基因的水平,在肿瘤的凋亡、分化和治疗等方面做出了有益的贡献。目前,较多研究已在体内模型中证实靶向致癌miRNA或恢复肿瘤抑制miRNA的治疗方式是非常可行性的。本文将就miRNA作为癌基因或肿瘤抑制基因以及这些miRNA作为肿瘤治疗靶点的最新研究进展作一综述。

In recent years, studies have found that there is a close relationship between miRNAs and the occurrence and development of tumor. Compared with normal tissues, the expression of miRNA in tumor tissue changed significantly, and the interaction between miRNA and tumor suppressor genes or proto - oncogene plays an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors. Some miRNA may have the function of oncogenes, lowered the expression of tumor suppressor genes, promoting the proliferation of the tumor, metastasis and infiltration ; There are also some miRNA have tumor - suppressor gene function,which make a useful contribution to the lowered level target treatment. Now many researches had confirmed targeting carcinogenic miRNA or recovery treatment of the tumor suppressor miRNA in vivo model was very feasibility. The latest research progress on miRNAs as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes was reviewed.