静电纺粗细复合纤维形态与膜的结构及性能

Relationship between morphology of electrospun thick/thin composed fibers and performance and structure of membranes

将聚砜(PSU)颗粒溶解在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)和丙酮混合溶液中得到纺丝液,采用静电纺丝法制得PSU纤维膜。通过调整纺丝液浓度制备具有不同直径的PSU纤维膜,分析纤维直径、不同粗细纤维的组合对PSU纤维膜的孔隙结构、透气性能、过滤性能等影响。研究结果表明:粗细组合纤维膜的透气率、力学性能、孔径及孔隙率均大于PSU-18纤维膜,小于PSU-22纤维膜;PSU-18纤维膜过滤效率高,压降大,PSU-22纤维膜过滤效率小;粗细复合多孔纤维膜过滤效率达到99%以上,同时压降较小;在3个喷头中PSU溶液的质量浓度分别为18%、22%、22%时纺制的粗细纤维组合型复合纤维膜的性能最佳。

PSU nanofiber membranes were produced by dissolving PSU particles in a mixed solution of DMF and acetone through electrospinning.PSU nanofibers with different diameters were fabricated by adjusting the concentration of spinning solution to investigate their influence on pore structure,permeability,and filtration performance.As a result,in terms of the permeability,mechanical property,pore structure and porosity,the coarse/fine composed nanofiber membranes were between PSU-18 and PSU-22.Furthermore,PSU-18 has the high filtration efficiency and big pressure drop,PSU-22 has low filtration efficiency,and thick/thin composed nanofiber membrane has a filtration efficiency of over 99% and lower pressure drop.The composed nanofiber membranes produced with the mass concentration of 18%,22%,and 22% in three nozzles respectively have the best capability in filtration due to the denser arrangement of the fibers when compared with other membranes with different morphologies.