陕南地区大规模避灾移民搬迁的风险及其规避策略

Risk of Large-scale Disaster-induced Migration in Southern Shaanxi Province and the Avoidance Strategy

自然灾害引发我国大规模移民活动。本文在分析陕南地区避灾移民搬迁中生存环境重建、社会文化重构、发展能力重塑等三大风险的基础上,进一步提出,大规模避灾移民不仅仅是空间上的迁移,更是一次涉及城乡统筹发展和社会整合的过程。要以可持续发展为导向,促进移民规划与政策实践的更加协同;以治理提升为取向,促进社会文化认同和社区整合的显著提升;以人本发展为导向,促进移民可持续生计与产业发展布局的逐步优化,从而积极化解并超越避灾移民的风险。

Natural disasters cause large-scale immigration in China. Based on analyzing three risks of living environment reconstruction, social cultural reconstruction and developing ability remodeling in disaster-induced migration in Southern Shaanxi province, this paper puts forward the idea that large disaster-induced migration not only involve the change of space, but also involve social integration and the development of city and countryside. Migration planning and policy practice should be better coordinated with the guidance of sustainable development; social cultural identity and community integration should be greatly promoted with the guidance of governance promotion; migration sustainable livelihoods and industrial development layout should be gradually optimized with the guidance of human deveopment so as to resolve and avoid the risks of disaster-induced migration.