SOFC阳极Ni催化剂的发展历程与应用前景

Development of Ni-based catalyst for anode of SOFC and its prospects

燃料电池是一种能量利用率高、基本不污染空气、原料充足的能源装置。目前,燃料电池主要分为碱性燃料电池(AFC)、磷酸型燃料电池(PAFC)、质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)、熔融碳酸盐燃料电池(MCFC)和固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)这五种基本类型。着重介绍了SOFC中Ni-ZrO2(Y2O3)金属陶瓷阳极和H2S毒化机理,综述了阳极催化剂的有关性质和存在的主要问题,展望了SOFC的应用前景,并探讨了我国SOFC发展的技术路线。

Fuel cell is an energy device with the characters of high energy utilization rate,no air pollution and raw materials sufficient.At present,fuel cells are divided into five basic types,namely AFC,PAFC,PEMFC,MCFC and SOFC.Ni-ZrO2（Y2O3） cermet anode of SOFC and the poisoning mechanism of H2S were introduced,the properties of catalyst for anode and its existing problems were summarized,its prospects were proposed,and the development of SOFC in China were explored.