4Bergls S.Jones E.E.Drug Choice as a Self-handlcapping Strategy in Response to Noncontingent Success[J].Journal of Personality and Social Psychoigy,1978,36(2):405-417.
5Card Midgley,Revathy Arunkumar & Timothy C.Urdan.If I don't do Well Tomorrow.There's a Reason:Predictors of Adolescents use of Academic Self-handicapping Strategies[J].Journal of Educational Psychology,1996,88(3):423-434.
6Card Midgley & Tim Urdan.Academic Self-Handicapping and Achievement Goals:A Further Examination[J].Contemporary Educational Psychology,2001,(26):61-75.
7Urdan T.,Midgley C.Academic Self-handicapping:What We Know,What Mere There is to Learn[J].Educational Psychology Review,2001,13(2):115-137.
8Tice D.M.Esteem Protection or Enhancement? Self-handicapping Motives And attributions Diffier by Trait Self-esteem[J].Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,1991,(60):711-725.