烤烟漂浮育苗新型基质筛选与应用研究

Study on Selection and Application of New Type of Matrixes of Flue-cured Tobacco Float-seedling

[目的]进一步验证开发出的漂浮育苗新型基质配方在育苗和大田期的效果,以及对烟叶产量和质量的影响。[方法]试验用的4个配方中,泥炭∶炭化谷壳:珍珠岩∶沙子分别为10∶40∶30∶20、20∶40∶10∶30、20∶40∶30∶10、20∶50∶10∶20,记为T1～T4,以泥炭∶炭化谷壳∶珍珠岩∶沙子35∶40∶25∶0为对照(CK)。[结果]T1～T4分别减少了现有配方泥炭用量的70.1%、41.5%、41.5%和41.5%,分别节约成本12.5%、23.1%、8.2%、12.8%,新型基质能有效提高烟苗的出苗率,烟苗素质和苗期与对照相当,产值分别比对照增加323.10、92.25、39.30、2 250.60元/hm2,上中等烟比例均高于对照。[结论]试验中的4个配方可以在烤烟集约化漂浮育苗中大面积推广应用,尤其是T4可以作为首选配方。

[Objective] The aim was to deeply verify the seedling and field period effects of developed new type of matrixes of flue-cured tobacco float-seedling,and their effects on tobacco leaves yield and quality.[Method] The ratio of peat∶carbonized rice husk∶perlite∶sand of four formulas were 10∶40∶30∶20,20∶40∶10∶30,20∶40∶30∶10,20∶50∶10∶20,resp.,marked T1-T4,and that the ratio of peat∶carbonized rice husk∶perlite∶sand was 35∶40∶25∶0 was taken as the control（CK）.[Result] During formula T1-T4,the peat consumption reduced 70.1%,41.5%,41.5%,and 41.5%,resp.,and they saved the cost of 12.5%,23.1%,8.2%,and 12.8%,resp..The new matrixes effectively increased the emergence rate of tobacco seedlings.The quality and seedling stage of tobacco seedlings here were the same as the control,but the yield values were 323.10,92.25,39.30,2 250.60 CNY per ha higher than the control.Besides,the proportions of high and middle quality tobacco were higher than the control.[Conclusion] These 4 formulas can be widely applied in the intensified floating seedling of flue-cured tobacco.Particularly,the formula T4 can be treated as the first choice.