莲属植物叶片及花瓣的比较解剖学研究

Comparative Anatomy Studies on Leaves and Petals of Nelumbo

对莲属(Nelumbo)植物的叶片及花瓣进行了比较解剖学研究。结果表明,莲属植物的叶片均有明显的栅栏组织和海绵组织之分,但二者的厚度及它们在叶肉中所占的比例有一定的差别;叶肉细胞内经常可以观察到草酸钙晶体;莲花瓣上下表皮均有乳状突起,无栅栏组织,仅有极为疏松的海绵组织,气室发达。同时,从研究结果来看,美国莲与中国莲在叶片和花瓣的解剖结构上没有明显差异;热带来源的莲与温带来源的莲之间并没有明显分化。莲叶片与花瓣解剖特征均表现出莲对水生生活的适应性,而其种间及种内的分化均不明显。

The comparative anatomy of the leaves and petals of Nelumbo species was studied. The results were as follows, the leaves of Nelumbo species all have the palisade tissues and the spongy tissues, but the thickness and percentage of pal- isade tissues and spongy tissues were different. The crystals of calcium oxalate were often found in mesophyll cells. The minute projections were found on both sides of epidermal cells of petals. There were only very loose spongy tissues and not palisade tissues existing in Nelumbo petals. There were few differentiations in anatomy of leaves and petals not only between N. nucifera and N. lutea, but also between the tropic origins and the temperate origins. The results suggested that lotus showed the adaptation .to the aquatic environment in its anatomic characters of leaves and petals, and the interspecific and intraspecific differentiations were not obvious.