“高密东北乡”的创世纪:莫言小说中的第三空间、物质性与怪诞身体

The Genesis of Gaomi Northeastern County:the Third Space,Materiality and Grotesque Bodies in Mo Yan's Novels

作为莫言小说中的标志性地域词汇,"高密东北乡"可以说是莫言小说得以展开的"原初场景"。但是,这一场景很明显不完全重合于作为地理实体的"山东省高密县东北",她更是一个真实的与想象的,从而不断跨越自身的"第三空间"。这一空间真正意义上的"创世纪"是莫言早年的短篇小说《秋水》。在该小说里,莫言通过"高密东北乡"这一"第三空间"传奇性地展现了生活空间的复杂性和越界性,同时也把对该空间的建构扎根在了空间的物质性和身体的怪诞性叙事的基础之上。三者之间构成了辩证的"三元"共生关系,在文本层次上体现为互相建构和解构的复杂意指空间,并最终形成了所谓"奇幻现实主义"的美学风格。

As an indicative and geographic term in Mo Yan＇s novels,Gaomi Northeastern County can be regarded as ＂the primal scene＂ where Mo Yan＇s stories take place.Of course,this ＂scene＂ is obviously not the actual Gaomi Northeastern County in Shandong province.It is a creation that has combined reality and fictional imagination-the third space,which is free of any restriction from either side.The genesis of this space comes from Qiu Shut,an early story written by Mo Yan.In this story,Mo Yan,on the one hand,demonstrates the complexity and surrealistic nature of daily life through a place called Gaomi Northeastern County,but on the other hand he also embeds this third space in the physical/material world and in the narration of grotesque bodies.These three form a dialectical symbiotic relationship-a denoting space full of mutual construction and deconstruction,and eventually an aesthetic effect is created known as hallucinationary realism.