王德威和大陆学者的鲁迅小说观辨析

Interpretation of Lu Xun:David Der-wei Wang and Scholars from China's Mainland

王德威在《"头"的故事:历史·身体·创伤叙事》一文中通过"砍头"意象否定了鲁迅小说的积极作用,将它仅仅看做是在"‘断头'的焦虑与‘无头'的恐惧"之间纠缠的艺术游戏。这种对待鲁迅小说的态度,对王德威来说具有一贯性。显然,王德威如此评判鲁迅小说,与钱理群等大陆学者形成了悖反。方法论的差异是造成这一现象的重要原因。王德威主要采用了文学文本的细读法,而钱理群等大陆学者主要在使用"参证法"。两种不同方法的运用包含了复杂的内容,既有意识形态的问题,又投射了研究者不同的文学批评传统和相异的情感立场。

In his article ＂The Story of the Head：History,Body,and Trauma Narrative＂,David Der-wei Wang basically denied the positive effect of Lu Xun＇s stories,constituting that Lu Xun＇s stories were no more than a game of anxiety of ＂ being beheaded＂ entangled with a hopelessness of-＂ being headless＂.This is David Der-wei Wang＇s consistent attitude towards Lu Xun＇s stories,which,obviously,contradicts those held by scholars from China's Mainland represented by Qian Liqun.This phenomenon is mainly caused by research methodological differences.David Der-wei Wang adopts a method of close reading of literary texts,while scholars from China's Mainland,such as Qian Liqun, mainly focus on the reference verification method.Two different methods contain complex connotations,involving ideological issues and reflecting researchers＇ different approaches to literary criticism and emotional preferences.