成都市社区居民高血压前期流行病学研究——7288例人群分析

A survey for prevalence and characteristics of prehypertension in population of Chengdu——an analysis of 7288 cases

目的了解我市社区居民高NHBP患病率及相关特点。方法采取整群抽样,选取成都市五个社区居民,年龄18～80岁,7288例。现场问卷调查,查体,作血管弹性及血生化检查。结果本组平均47.1岁,高血压为15.5%,高血前期标化患病率为23.25%(男31.4%,女17.9%),其中40～70岁人群为高血压前期高峰,60～69岁达41.1%。双变量相关分析收缩压与年龄、体重指数、血糖、尿酸、心率,舒张压与体重指数、年龄、尿酸、甘油三酯、LDL均明显相关。高血压前期者血糖、体重指数、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、LDL、尿酸、肌酐、心率平均水平均较正常血压者高(P<0.01),大、小血管弹性明显降低,同时,有30.3%合并超重(OR 2.31),高甘油三酯血症35.9%(OR 1.59)。高血压前期者有44%及34.8%有1及2种危险因素,11.6%合并3种危险因素。结论 HNBP患者占成人约1/4,男性高于女性,危险因子水平明显高于正常血压人群,常有血管功能及多种代谢异常,并有聚集趋势,应引起广泛关注,并适当干预,从而减少高血压与心脑血管病。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of HNBP in Chengdu.Methods 7288 residents of Chengdu in community,aged 18-80 years was cluster sampled.The population statistical parameters,habits,income,history,physical and laboratory examination findings were analyzed in relation to blood pressure.Results The mean age was 47.1 years old in this study,The age and sexes adjusted,prevalence of HNBP were 23.3%.There was a higher plateau between 40-69,and persons aged 60-69years with a highest（41.1%） prevalence of HNBP.Bi-variable-correlation analysis suggested that SBP was related to age,BMI,glucose,uric acid,heart rate significantly,and DBP was related to BMI,age,uric acid,triglyceride,LDL significantly.All of the mean levels of risk factors in HNBP were increased significantly when comparing it to normotensives（P0.01）,and lower than it in hypertension.44% and 34.8% had 1 or 2 CVD risk factors in HNBP,11.6% had 3 risk factors.Conclusion The prevalence of HNBP was found in 1/4 population of Chengdu community.The mean RFs levels and prevalence of abnormal metabolisms increased significantly,the arterial elasticity decreased obviously,management of HNBP is an important issue,and it is a serious challenge for cardiology.