“攀援”现象与明清小说观念建构

The Phenomenon of “Seeking Connections with Classics” and Idea Construction of Novel in the Ming and Qing Dynasties

明清小说评点动辄攀援经史是文学批评史上的一种重要现象,是对传统推源溯流法的继承,具有时代情景性和复杂性。攀援对象大体可以分为四类:史书、经书、佛道、诗文。在取法攀援对象的基础上,形成了明清小说关于叙事、义旨、笔法以及文采的认识。同样,也形成了真与实、通俗与教诲、补史与稗官的小说观念。

The commentaries on the novels in the Ming and Qing Dynasties tend to seek connections with classics and history. This important phenomenon in the history of literary criticism is the inheritance of traditional origin-tracing method, exhibiting the situation and complexity of the times. The objects of seeking connections with classics can be roughly divided into four categories, namely history, Confucian classics, Buddhism and poems. Just by following the model of those objects, the novels in the Ming and Qing teristics about narrative, theme, technique and diction, as well as the novel Dynasties develop their own charac- concepts with truth and reality, popularity and instruction, as well as history-mending and Bai-guan novel.