中国古代温泉资源分布及其空间演化

Distribution and Spatial Evolution of Hot Springs in Ancient China

以历代地理总志、正史地理志、地方志以及类书等所记载的温泉为数据来源,统计秦至南北朝、隋唐宋和明清时期温泉资源的数量,运用ArcGIS软件对温泉资源空间分布情况进行分析。结果表明:秦至南北朝时期的温泉共有47处,集中分布在黄河中游、晋东北与冀西交界区、长江中游、湘南粤北地区;隋唐宋时期的温泉有108处,主要分布在经济较发达区域,且分布重心南移;明清时期的温泉有419处,遍布全国,已基本与温泉客观分布地重合,且主要集中在山地丘陵地带。古代温泉资源的空间演化规律为:分布地由中原向四周扩展,分布重心东移南迁,南北、东西差异逐渐扩大。自然环境、社会需求、区域发展过程等是影响温泉资源空间分布变化的主要因素。

Based on the data from Chinese chorography,this paper obtained the total number of hot springs in different historical periods in China,and analysed the spatial characteristics and disposition of the hot springs by using the software of ArcGIS.The conclusions can be drawn as follows：According to historical records,there were forty-seven hot springs from the Qin Dynasty to the Northern and Southern Dynasties,which were mainly distributed in the middle reaches of the Yellow River and the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.There were one hundred and eight hot springs in the Tang and Song Dynasties mainly distributed in economically developed regions,and the distribution core area moved from northwest to southeast.There were four hundred and nineteen hot springs in the Ming and Qing Dynasties distributed all over the country.The spatial development tendency of hot spring resources was：from east to north,from central China to other places,more in north-east than in north-west.The natural environment,demand of society and the process of regional development were the main factors which affect temporal-spatial distribution of hot spring resources.