均匀化处理对6061铝合金材料微观组织和力学性能的影响

Effect of homogenization treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 6061 Aluminum alloy

采用硬度测试、电子显微分析方法(SEM、TEM)和能谱分析(EDS)等手段,系统研究均匀化温度和保温时间对6061铝合金铸锭微观组织及力学性能的变化规律。结果表明,当均匀化退火条件为550℃/12h时,第二相的数量、分布和尺寸达到最佳,合金硬度也相对最高。均匀化退火过程中的扩散动力学分析表明,均匀化所需时间随温度的增加和枝晶间距的减小而缩短。动力学分析所得结果与试验均匀化处理制度基本吻合。

The effects of homogenization temperature and holding time on the microstrueture and mechanical properties of high quality 6061 Aluminum alloy were investigated by hardness test, electron microscopic analysis method（SEM, TEM） and energy dispersive spectrum（EDS）. The results show that when the homogenizing annealing condition was 550C/12h, the number, distri bution and size of the second phase achieve the optimum state, and the hardness of the alloy reaches the peak value. Kinetics analy sis of diffusion homogenization treatment process shows that, the necessary homogenization time decreases with the increasing of temperature and the decreasing of dendrite arm spacing. Dynamic analysis results agree well with the experimental measurements.