燕麦颖果贮藏物质积累的研究

The Study of Caryopsis Storage Substance Accumulation in Oat

以皮燕麦、裸燕麦各两个品种为研究对象,并对其主要营养成分淀粉、蛋白质、脂质、β-葡聚糖等的含量变化、积累规律进行分析测定。通过对皮、裸燕麦籽粒整个生育期淀粉、蛋白质、脂质、β-葡聚糖等的变化规律的研究得出,从开花到籽粒完全成熟,供试品种的淀粉含量均呈S曲线持续增长,积累速率高峰出现在灌浆中期,皮燕麦淀粉含量显著高于裸燕麦;蛋白质含量呈不对称的V字形积累,在花后12 d左右达到低谷,裸燕麦蛋白质含量显著高于皮燕麦;脂质含量呈不对称的倒V字形积累,花后20 d左右达最高值,皮、裸燕麦脂质含量无明显差异;β-葡聚糖百分含量呈S型趋势持续增长,裸燕麦β-葡聚糖含量高于皮燕麦。

The development of the caryopsis for two types of oats, husk and naked oats,were studied in this thesis by using anatomical and histochemistrical methods, and the accumulation of main storing substances, starch, protein, lipid and β-glucan in the grains were studied as well in the thesis. The results about time courses of starch, protein, lipid, and β-glucan contents in hulled and naked oat grains during seed development stage showed that from anthesis to grain matured absolutely, the starch percentage of the grains presented a increasing S-curve, and the peak of starch accumulation velocity was at middle grain filling stage, the starch content in hulled oat was higher than naked oat; the protein percentage presented parabola with upward open, at 12th day after anthesis, it reduced to the lowest point, the protein content in hulled oat is significantly less than naked oat; the lipid percentage presented parabola, with downward open, at 20th day, it increased to the highest point, the lipid content in hulled oat is slightly more than naked oat; and β-glucan percentage increased with time in S-curve, the β-glucan content in naked oat is more than hulled oat.