美洲红点鲑和白斑红点鲑杂交子代及其亲本早期生产性能比较

The Growth Performance Comparison of Offspring from Complete Diallel Crosses of Brook Trout Salvelinus fominalis and Siberian Char Salvelinus leucomaenis

采用完全双列杂交、群体间杂交及群体内自繁等方法对美洲红点鲑(Salvelinus fominalis)和白斑红点鲑(Salvelinus leucomaenis)进行了配组繁殖,成功地获得了4类组合的子一代群体。比较了各交配组合的受精率、孵化率、成活率等生存力,结果表明:正交子一代(白斑红点鲑♀×美洲红点鲑♂)组合的受精率明显高于父本和反交子一代组合,与母本子一代组合差异不显著(P>0.05),孵化率和成活率与双亲自繁对照组差异不显著(P>0.05),高于反交子一代(美洲红点鲑♀×白斑红点鲑♂)组合。杂交子一代和亲本后代140d室内生长试验表明:不同发育阶段的正交子一代表现出杂种优势,体质量的杂种优势率为27.09%～35.66%,体长的杂种优势率为8.47%～11.25%,在体质量、体长增长量均高于双亲子一代。反交子一代群体生长发育始终没有表现杂种优势(H<0)。

Complete diallel inter-specific hybridization between brook trout （Salvelinus fominalis ） and Siberian char （Sa!velinus leu- comaenis ） along with the reproduction within breeds were carried out, and the offspring of the forward, reciprocal hybridization, and the parents were obtained successfully. Comparison of the fertilization, hatching rate, survival of the offspring in the four groups showed that the offspring of Siberian char ♀× brook trout ♂ ） had significantly higher fertilization rate than （brook trout ♀ × Siberi- an char ♂ ） and the paternal offspring, without significant difference （P〉0.05） from the maternal offspring. There were no significant differences in hatch rate and survival rate （P〉0.05） among Siberian char ♀ × brook trout /5 and parents, significant higher （P〉0.05） than the brook trout ♀ × Siberian char ♂ offspring. A 140 day indoor growth comparison test revealed that the offspring of Siberian char ♀ × brook trout ♂ ） had strong heterosis at different developmental stages, with the superiority rate of body weight from 27.09% to 35.66%, and superiority rate of body length from 8.47% to 11.25%. No heterosis （H〈0） was found in the growth performance of re- ciprocal cross groups at any developmental stages.