摘要
影响水体水质的人为污染物主要来源于肥料施用、城镇废弃物和废水、土地利用以及大气沉降等。水体中人为污染物输入量的长期增加引起了河流、湖泊的富营养化、海洋赤潮和地下水硝态氮污染等。人为活动与水体水质的关系十分密切,人为活动越剧烈,其对水体水质的影响也越大。20世纪以来,由于人为活动的加剧,国内外水体水质都呈显著下降趋势,但20世纪80年代以后,一些发达国家的水体水质呈逐渐好转趋势,而我国的水体水质仍呈持续恶化状态,目前,可采取建设污水处理厂、科学合理施肥、构建水源缓冲带等方式减缓水体污染。
Fertilizer application,urban wastes and waste water,land use,and atmospheric deposition are the main factors of affecting the water quality.The long-term increasing of pollutants in water bodies causes the eutrophication,ocean red tides and groundwater nitrate pollution.Water quality bears on the human activities.Human activities are more intense,the greater the impact on water quality.Since 1900s,there was a trend that water quality is significantly declined due to the intensification of human activities.But after 1980s,there was a trend that water quality was gradually improved in some developed country,while the water quality was still exacerbated in China.At present,we can take some measures to mitigate water pollution,such as the construction of sewage treatment plant,scientific and rational fertilization,and building a water buffer zone.
出处
《污染防治技术》
CAS
2013年第3期27-32,共6页
Pollution Control Technology
关键词
人为活动
水质
human activities
water quality
