孕妇孕期增重与妊娠结局和新生儿出生体重的相关性探讨

Correlation of maternal weight gain during pregnancy with the outcome of pregnancy and neonatal birth weight

目的 探讨孕妇的体重指数与妊娠结局和新生儿出生体重的相关性.方法 选取2011年1～12月在我院就诊并住院分娩的单胎初产妇346例为研究对象,回顾性分析孕产妇的一般特征、孕前体重指数（BMI）、怀孕期间体重增加值、妊娠结局和新生儿体重,并分析孕期体重指数与新生儿出生时体重的关联性.结果 孕前肥胖组的妊娠高血压、糖尿病发病率明显增高,孕期增重15.1～20kg则孕妇妊高征、妊娠期糖尿病发病率明显增加（P均＜0.05）,孕妇体重正常组和肥胖组组新生儿体重构成比比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 妇女怀孕前的体重增长过大对妊娠结局有影响,具有潜在风险,但孕期妇女体重增加对新生儿的出生体重影响不大.

Objective To explore the correlation of maternal weight gain during pregnancy with the outcome of pregnancy and neonatal birth weight.Methods A total of 346 patients of single fetal primipara in my hospital from January 2011 to December 2011 were enrolled in the study.The general characteristics,maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index （BMI）,the value of weight gain during pregnancy,pregnancy outcome,and birth weight were retrospective analyzed.The correlation between maternal weight gain during pregnancy and neonatal birth weight was analyzed.Results The incidences of hypertension and diabetes in the obesity group were significantly increased.In the pregnant women with weight gain of 15.1～20 kg,the incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension,gestational diabetes were significantly increased （P＜0.05）.The neonatal weight ratio showed no significant difference between the normal weight group and the obesity group （P＞0.05）.Conclusion Excessive weight gain of women before pregnancy has a great influence on the outcome of pregnancy,resulting in a potential risk,but weight gain has little influence on neonatal birth weight