中柄侧耳生物学特性研究

Biological characteristics of Pleurotus centralis X.D.Yu,Z.M.Chen Y.J.Yao,sp.nov.ined.

对采自福建省莆田市天然林的中柄侧耳进行生物学特性研究。结果表明:中柄侧耳菌丝生长的温度范围是10～35℃,最适温度25℃;孢子萌发的温度范围是10～35℃,最适温度25℃;菌丝和孢子的致死温度和时间分别为45℃25min和50℃15min;菌丝能在pH 4～10范围内生长,最适pH为6。菌丝在蔗糖、乳糖、可溶性淀粉、葡萄糖、果糖、麦芽糖等6种碳源上均可生长,最适碳源为麦芽糖;能利用牛肉膏、蛋白胨、酵母膏、NH4NO3、KNO3、NH4Cl等6种氮源,最适氮源为蛋白胨;C/N为15∶1～60∶1范围,最适C/N为25∶1～35∶1。其子实体的形成需要光照刺激,在连续光照和12h光暗交替条件下均可形成子实体,且两种处理差异不显著;在完全黑暗的条件下则不能形成子实体。

Selected biological characteristics of Pleurotus centralis Yu,Chen Yao,sp.nov.ined.2012,collected from the natural forest located in Putian,Fujian Province.The results showed that the range of temperature for the growth of P.centralis was 10～35℃,and the optimum was 25℃;the range of temperature for mycelial growth was 10～35℃,the optimum was 25℃;the lethal temperature for the spores and the mycelium was 45℃ 25min and 50℃15min.The mycelial growth of P.centralis could go under the range of pH 4～10,the optimum being 6.Sucrose,lactose,soluble starch,glucose,fructose and maltose were suitable for the mycelia growth and maltose was the best.Beef anointed,peptone,yeast extract,NH4NO3,KNO3and NH4Cl could be used as nitrogen sources and peptone was the best.For the mycelial growth of P.centralis,the range of C/N was 15：1～60：1,and the C/N of 25：1～35：1was the most suitable.The fruit body formation need illumination;the difference is not remarkable between the continuous illumination and alternation of dark（12h）and illumination（12h）.But the fruit body could not form under absolute darkness.