婴幼儿维生素D缺乏调查及维生素D补充对血清25-羟维生素D水平的影响

Survey on infant with vitamin D deficiency and influence of vitamin D supplement on serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D

目的调查婴幼儿维生素D缺乏情况及探讨维生素D补充对血清25-羟维生素D[25-(OH)D]水平的影响。方法 378例婴幼儿按月龄分为A组(0-6个月,142例)、B组(7-12个月,168例)和C组(13-36个月,68例)。其中,部分婴幼儿近3个月口服不同剂量维生素D 250IU/d(D组,46例)、300IU/d(E组,82例)和500IU/d(F组,171例),79例未补充维生素D(G组)。采集婴幼儿指尖血,用酶联免疫法检测血清25-(OH)D水平,计算维生素D缺乏发生率。结果婴幼儿维生素D缺乏发生率为21.16%(80/378)。B组血清25-(OH)D水平高于A、C组[(72.0±23.2)nmol/L vs.(67.0±24.8)、(55.9±12.4)nmol/L](P<0.05),而维生素D缺乏发生率低于A、C组(13.10%vs.21.83%、39.71%)(P<0.05)。D、E、F组血清25-(OH)D水平均高于G组[(63.6±16.9)、(69.9±20.1)、(71.5±27.8)nmol/L vs.(57.2±11.9)nmol/L](P<0.05),而维生素D缺乏发生率均低于G组[26.09%、21.95%、13.45%vs.34.18%](P<0.05);D、E组维生素D缺乏发生率高于F组(P<0.05)。结论婴幼儿维生素D普遍缺乏,建议补充维生素D 500IU/d,0-6个月和13-36个月的婴幼儿维生素D缺乏情况应予重视。

Objective To investigate the situation of infant vitamin D deficiency and influence of vitamin D supplement on serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25-（OH）D].Methods Three hundred and seventy-eight infants aged 0-3 years old were divided into three age groups of A（0-6 months,142 cases）,B（7-12 months,168 cases） and C（13-36 months,68 cases）,some of whom had orally taken different doses of vitamin D 250 IU/d（group D,46 cases）,300 IU/d（group E,82 cases） and 500 IU/d（group F,171 cases） for 3 months.Seventy-nine cases（group G） did not take vitamin D.Serum 25-（OH）D was detected by ELISA.The incidence rate of vitamin D deficiency was calculated.Results Incidence rate of vitamin D deficiency in infants aged 0-3 years old was 21.16 %（80/378）.Compared to groups of A and C,serum 25-（OH）D was higher in group B[（72.0±23.2） nmol/L vs.（67.0±24.8） nmol/L and（55.9±12.4） nmol/L]（P0.05）,while the incidence rate of vitamin D deficiency was lower in group B（13.10% vs.21.83% and 39.71%）（P0.05）.Compared with group G,serum 25-（OH）D levels were higher in groups of D,E,and F [（63.6±16.9）,（69.9±20.1）,and（71.5±27.8） nmol/L vs.（57.2±11.9） nmol/L]（P0.05）,while the incidence rate of vitamin D deficiency was lower in groups of D,E and F [26.09%,21.95% and 13.45% vs.34.18%]（P0.05）,which was lower in group F than that in groups of D and E（P0.05）.Conclusion Infants are commonly lack of vitamin D.It is suggested to supply vitamin D 500 IU/d.The situation of vitamin D deficiency in infants at aged 0-6 months and 13-36 months should be paid more attention to.