面部软组织厚度测量及其在面貌复原中的应用

Facial Soft Tissue Thickness Measurement and Its Application in Craniofacial Reconstruction

软组织厚度作为颅骨面貌复原的基础,具有重要的应用价值。本文借助计算机技术对西安地区132例成年人颅面数据样本开展软组织测量、分析及应用研究,结果表明,1)通过分析特征点处软组织厚度和面部软组织分布图,发现面部软组织分布具有一定的规律,额头区域软组织厚度薄且样本间差异小,脸颊区域软组织厚且样本间差异大;2)通过比较不同年龄段男性软组织厚度的均值,发现20-30岁阶段软组织厚度均值最小,50-60岁阶段软组织厚度均值其次,30-40岁阶段软组织厚度均值最大,但30-40岁和40-50岁两个年龄段的软组织厚度近似;通过比较不同年龄段女性软组织厚度的均值,发现20-30岁阶段软组织厚度均值最小,30-40岁阶段软组织厚度均值其次,40-50岁阶段的软组织厚度均值最大;3)特征点处软组织厚度标准差可以反映面貌体态的差异,因此根据10个脸颊特征点的软组织厚度均值和标准差实现面貌体态分类;4)根据不同性别、年龄、体态对应的软组织平均厚度,应用计算机技术实现给定颅骨的三维面貌复原,复原结果相比于传统手工复原的结果更加科学。

As a fundamental part of craniofacial reconstruction, soft tissue thickness is key. This paper, based on 132 adult craniofacial samples, with the aid of computer technology, explores measurement, analysis and application of soft tissue. The results are as follows： 1） By analyzing the soft tissue thickness of landmarks and facial soft tissue distribution, it has been shown that the arrangement of facial soft tissues has some rules： the forehead is thin with small differences between various samples, while the cheek is thick with large differences between various samples. 2） By comparing soft tissue thickness averages of males of different ages, it has been shown that these averages between 20 and 30 are the lowest, the next are between 50 and 60 with the highest between 30 and 40, and whose thickness averages are similar to males between 40 and 50. Comparing tissue thickness averages for females of different ages, it has been shown that averages between 20 to 30 ages are the lowest, next are between 30 and 40 with the highest between 40 to 50. 3） The standard deviation of soft tissue thickness can reflect differences in face building, therefore, face building classification can be achieved based on the average and standard deviation of facial soft tissue thickness of 10 landmarks on the cheek. 4） Based on soft tissue thickness averages of landmarks of various ages, genders and construction, we adopt computer technology to achieve craniofacial reconstruction of an unidentified skull, the result of which is more scientific than the traditional manual method.