脂肪间充质干细胞复合骨诱导性磷酸钙陶瓷支架的异位成骨

Ectopic bone formation in adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell-seeded osteoinductive calcium phosphate scaffolds

背景:生物材料的骨诱导现象已经在多种动物实验中被证实。目的:考察磷酸钙陶瓷自身固有的诱导骨生成能力在其作为骨组织工程支架时的表现。方法:取健康家犬10只,在每只的背部肌肉内分别植入骨诱导性磷酸钙陶瓷与自体脂肪间充质干细胞复合物、非骨诱导性磷酸钙陶瓷与自体脂肪间充质干细胞复合物、骨诱导性磷酸钙陶瓷及非骨诱导性磷酸钙陶瓷,植入后8,12周,取出植入材料及其周围组织进行Micro-CT检测和组织形态学检测,评价成骨情况。结果与结论:组织学观察结果显示,骨诱导性磷酸钙陶瓷组及骨诱导性磷酸钙陶瓷与自体脂肪间充质干细胞复合物组均有有异位骨生成,并且骨诱导性磷酸钙陶瓷与自体脂肪间充质干细胞复合物组的成骨量显著大于骨诱导性磷酸钙陶瓷组(P<0.05);其余两组均无异位成骨。Micro-CT检测结果与组织形态学检测结果一致。结果表明骨诱导性磷酸钙陶瓷作为骨组织工程支架材料有明显的成骨优势,而脂肪间充质干细胞作为种子细胞对异位成骨有明显的促进作用。

BACKGROUND：The phenomenon of osteoinduction by biomaterials has been proven in animal experiments. OBJECTIVE：To investigate whether the ability of a biomaterial to initiate bone formation in ectopic implantation sites improves the performance of osteoinductive biomaterial as a scaffold for tissue-engineered bone. METHODS：We compared ectopic bone formation by combining autologous adipose-derived stromal cells with an osteoinductive and a nonosteoinductive biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic to create a tissue engineering construction in the muscle of dogs. Al implants were implanted in the back muscle of 10 adult dogs for 8 weeks and 12 weeks, including osteoinductive biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic＋adipose-derived stromal cells （osteoinductive complex group）, osteoinductive biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic （osteoinductive broup）, nonosteoinductive biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic＋adipose-derived stromal cells （nonosteoinductive complex group）, and nonosteoinductive biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic （nonosteoinductive group）. Micro-CT analysis and histomorphometry were performed to evaluate and quantify ectopic bone formation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：Ectopic bone formation was visible in the osteoinductive complex group and osteoinductive group, and the former group was superior to the latter one in quality of new bone （P〈0.05）. However, there was no ectopic bone formation in the other two groups. Micro-CT results were consistent with the histomorphological detection. These findings indicate that osteoinductive biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic, as a kind of bone tissue engineering scaffold material, has a better osteogenic capacity, while adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells serve as seed cells to promote the ectopic bone formation.