丝素/壳聚糖/纳米羟基磷灰石构建的骨组织工程支架

Silk fibroin/chitosan/nano hydroxyapatite complicated scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

背景:丝素蛋白、壳聚糖及纳米羟基磷灰石均是天然材料,具有良好的生物活性和理化特性,作为人体组织工程材料已取得了一定的成果,但3种材料在单独应用的研究中还存在一定的缺陷。目的:制作丝素蛋白/壳聚糖/纳米羟基磷灰石三维支架材料,分析其特性。方法:将丝素蛋白、壳聚糖、纳米羟基磷灰石分别配制成2%的溶液后,分别按照1∶1∶0.5,1∶1∶1,1∶1∶1.5的体积比混合,采用冷冻干燥与化学交联技术制备成三维复合支架材料。检测三维复合支架的孔隙率、吸水膨胀率及热水溶失率,采用材料力学测验机测试干燥三维复合支架材料的拉伸和压缩弹性模量,采用扫描电镜检测三维复合支架的孔径。结果与结论:丝素蛋白/壳聚糖/纳米羟基磷灰石三维复合支架在干燥状态下呈白色,无特殊气味,为稳定固态的圆柱体,触之有明显的抗压能力和弹性。随着复合支架材料中纳米羟基磷灰石含量的增高,支架材料的孔隙率、吸水膨胀率、平均孔径呈逐渐减小趋势,热水溶失率及抗压能力表现出相反的趋势,结果显示以1∶1∶1体积比制作的支架更符合骨替代材料要求,其平均孔径为85.67μm、吸水膨胀率的为(135.65±4.56)%、热水溶失率为(22.84±1.06)%,支架材料内部孔隙均匀,呈现网状结构,孔隙之间交通发达,网状结构本身约10μm。

BACKGROUND：Silk fibroin, chitosan, and nano hydroxyapatite are natural materials, and they al have good biological activity and physical or chemical properties. As tissue engineering materials, they have been already widely used in clinic or research work, but there are some defects in the application of these three kinds of materials. OBJECTIVE：To discuss the preparation and characteristics of silk fibroin/chitosan/nano hydroxyapatite complicated scaffolds which could be used in bone tissue engineering. METHODS：Silk fibroin, chitosan, and nano hydroxyapatite were separately prepared into 2%solution, and then mixed at the ratio of 1：1：0.5, 1：1：1, 1：1：1.5 respectively. The three-dimensional complicated scaffolds were prepared by those mixed liquids through repeated freeze drying and chemical crosslinking technology. Scanning electron microscope was used to detect the pore size of the scaffolds. Porosity, water absorption rate, and hot-water loss rate were determined. Mechanical tester was used to measure the tensile and compressive modulus of dried three-dimensional scaffolds. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：The silk fibroin/chitosan/nano hydroxyapatite complicated scaffold in the dry state had no special smel , appeared to be a stabilized solid cylinder, and exhibited clear resiliency and flexibility with a touch. With the increased content of nano hydroxyapatite, the porosity, water absorption rate and average pore size of the scaffolds appeared to be decreased, while the hot-water loss rate and compressive strength were increased. The scaffold prepared at 1：1：1 was better for bone tissue engineering, and the average pore size, water absorption rate and hot-water loss rate were 85.67 μm, （135.65±4.56）%and （22.84±1.06）%, respectively, closer to the needs of the bone tissue engineering. Uniform pores were found within the scaffold at 1：1：1, showing the network structure, developed transport among pores, and the network structure was approximately 10μm.