三种去抗原异种松质骨材料生物相容性的比较

Comparison of the biocompatibility of three kinds of antigen-extracted xenogeneic cancellous bone matrices

背景:经过一系列理化处理去抗原后的异种骨支架材料,其形态与结构类似于人体骨组织。目的:检测3种不同方法制备去抗原异种骨支架材料的生物相容性。方法:将经过物理、化学及物理联合化学方法制备的去抗原异种骨支架与羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷4组材料分别植入裸鼠背部皮下组织,术后4,8,12周行组织学观察。以经过物理、化学及物理联合化学方法制备的去抗原异种骨支架材料浸提液分别培养羊骨髓间充质干细胞7d,观察细胞黏附、生长、增殖及基质分泌情况。结果与结论:术后4周时,4组材料周围均有较强的炎症反应;术后12周时,物理及物理联合化学制备的去抗原异种骨支架和羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷材料孔隙内及周围组织炎症反应基本消失,极少量炎症细胞存在,材料降解较术后8周时多。化学制备的去抗原异种骨支架材料孔隙内及周围组织炎症反应仍存在;表明物理及物理联合化学制备的去抗原异种骨支架具有良好的组织相容性。羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷和物理联合化学法制备的去抗原异种骨支架材料周围有少量成骨细胞规则排列,并可见少量成骨,表明有异位成骨的趋势。经过物理或物理联合化学方法去除抗原的异种骨支架材料具有良好的细胞相容性;单纯经过化学方法处理的异种骨材料细胞相容性较差,不符合生物材料安全性标准。

BACKGROUND：The form and structure of antigen-extracted xenogeneic cancel ous bone through series of physical and chemical treatment are similar to human tissue. OBJECTIVE：To detect the biocompatibility of antigen-extracted xenogeneic cancel ous bone matrix prepared by three different ways. METHODS：The antigen-extracted xenogeneic cancel ous bone scaffold materials which were prepared through physical, chemical and physical-chemical combined methods and hydroxy apatite biological ceramic materials were implanted into the dorsum subcutaneous tissue. Histological observation was done at 4, 8 and 12 weeks after surgery. The antigen-extracted xenogeneic cancel ous bone scaffold materials which were prepared through physical, chemical and physical-chemical combined methods respectively was used to culture sheep bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for 7 days. Cel adhesion, growth, proliferation and stroma secretion were observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：At 4 weeks after surgery, a strong inflammatory reaction was detected around materials in four groups. At 12 weeks, the xenogeneic bone materials prepared through physical and physical-chemical combined methods and hydroxy apatite biological ceramic materials internal pore and surrounding tissue inflammation disappeared basical y, with the presence of thimbleful inflammation cells. The material degradation was more than at 8 weeks. The xenogeneic bone materials prepared through chemical methods material internal pore and surrounding tissue inflammation stil existed, suggesting that the xenogeneic bone materials prepared through physical and physical-chemical combined methods exhibited good histocompatibility. A smal amount of orderly osteoblasts existed around hydroxy apatite biological ceramic materials and physical-chemical prepared materials, with a smal amount of bone. These suggested that there was a tendency for ectopic bone formation. The xenogeneic cancel ous bone materials prepared through physical or physical-chemical combined methods have better cytocompatibility. However, scaffold materials prepared through chemical method have poor cytocompatibility and they are not qualified for the safety standards of biological materials.