生物质缓冲包装材料制备及性能实验研究

Preparation and properties of biomass cushion packaging material

为解决不可降解的废弃塑料类包装材料对环境造成的污染,以稻草纤维、淀粉为主要原料制备了生物质缓冲包装材料,采用正交实验方法研究了生物质缓冲包装材料纤维与淀粉质量比、塑化剂、活性剂和发泡剂含量等对材料抗压强度的影响,结果表明,各因素对材料抗压强度影响的主次顺序为塑化剂>纤维与淀粉质量比>发泡剂>活性剂。塑化剂含量为12%、纤维与淀粉质量比为2∶5、发泡剂含量为0.1%、活性剂含量为0.3%时其抗压强度可达0.94MPa。研究了塑化剂含量、纤维与淀粉质量比对材料缓冲性能的影响,随着塑化剂含量和纤维与淀粉质量比增大,材料缓冲系数呈现先降低后升高的趋势,在纤维与淀粉质量比为2∶5、塑化剂含量为12%时,材料的缓冲系数最小,缓冲性能最好。与EPS(发泡聚苯乙烯)和EPE(发泡聚乙烯)等包装材料缓冲性能和回弹性能的比较表明生物质缓冲包装材料完全可以替代EPS和EPE等缓冲包装材料。

To solve the environmental pollution caused by the non-degradable waste of plastic packaging materials,the biomass cushion packaging materials with different ingredients have been synthesized,which are made up of straw fiber and starch as the main raw materials.The orthogonal experiment method is used to study the impact of the mass ratio of fiber and starch,the content of plasticizer,active agent and blowing agent on the compressive strength of biomass cushion packaging material.The results were as follows： the influence order of various factors on compressive strength was： plasticizer the mass ratio of fiber and starch foaming agent active agent.When the contents of the plasticizer,foaming agent,active agent are respectively 12%,0.1%,0.3% with the mass ratio of fiber and starch being 2∶5,the compressive strength can reach 0.94MPa.Through research on the impacts of plasticizer content and mass ratio of fiber and starch on the cushion performance,the cushion coefficient of the material decreases firstly and increases subsequently with the two factors rising.When the plasticizer content was 12% and the mass ratio of fiber and starch was 2∶5,the smallest cushion coefficient and the best cushion performance of the material are obtained.Compared the cushion and rebound performance with EPS（expanded polystyrene）,EPE（expanded polyethylene） and other packaging materials,it indicates that the biomass cushion packaging material can replace the cushion packaging materials such as EPS and EPE.