围产期孕妇与新生儿中B群链球菌(GBS)感染率及耐药性分析

Study on group B streptococcal in perinatal pregnant women and neonates: infection rate and drug resistance

目的研究围产期孕妇及其分娩新生儿GBS的感染率以及耐药性,从而探讨GBS的临床特点,为临床医师提供准确的用药依据。方法对408例围产期孕妇以及分娩后415例新生儿进行样本采集,之后给予GBS细菌鉴定及药敏试验,记录鉴定及药敏试验结果。结果 408例围产期孕妇GBS阳性检测率为21.1%,415例新生儿的GBS阳性检测率为3.1%,提示围产期孕妇及新生儿GBS检测阳性率较去年有所上升,新生儿早发型GBS感染有增加的趋势。分离菌株对头孢唑啉、左氧氟沙星和万古霉素均敏感,对青霉素和氨苄青霉素虽然没有耐药但其中介率达到6.8%。对克林霉素的耐药率和中介率分别为10.6%和16.5%。GBS耐药性有所增强。结论研究表明,及时的进行GBS预防检查,对GBS感染的孕妇与GBS早发型新生儿应及早进行治疗,并恰当的选择治疗药物,避免耐药性的增加,同时定期对新生儿进行GBS检查,避免晚发型GBS感染,提高围产期孕妇与新生儿生活质量。

Objective To study the infection rate and drug resistance of group B streptococci （GBS） in perinatal pregnant women and neonates, and discuss the clinical characteristics of GBS infection, improving clinical treatment. Methods 408 cases of perinatal pregnant women and 415 neonates were selected in our hospital, they were received GBS bacteria identification and drug sensitivity test, and the results were analyzed. Results The positive rate of 408 cases ofperinatal pregnant GBS was 21.1%, and the positive rate of 415 cases of neonates was 3.1%. The holistic infection rate was increasing, especially Streptococcal early-onset disease in neonates. GBS showed susceptibility of 100% to Cefazolin, Levofloxacin and Vancomycin, but 6.8% of the isolates showed intermediate susceptibility to ampicillin and penicillin, the rates of Clindamycin resistance and intermediate were 10.6% and 16.5%, respectively. Conclusion GBS test should be employed in the clinical work, it is very important that effectively treatment for GBS in perinatal pregnant women and neonates. In the meantime, rational use of drugs is a key, which can reduce the resistance of antibiotics. In conclusion, to improve the perinatal maternal and neonatal life quality.