2003～2009年某校新生HBV感染及ALT检测结果分析

Analysis of the results of testing for HBV infection and measurement of ALT levels in freshmen at a college from 2003 to 2009

目的了解新生HBV感染及ALT升高情况,为学校乙型肝炎防制、健康教育提供参考。方法用酶标仪和全自动生化分析仪对36 659学生进行了HBsAg抗体和ALT检测,对不同年度及性别学生感染情况进行分析。结果检出HBsAg阳性2 034人,阳性率为5.55%(2034/36659),男生阳性率为7.64%(1113/14571),女生为4.17%(921/22088),阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=20.16,P<0.01);ALT升高肝功能异常率0.94%(345/36659),男生ALT异常率为1.63%(238/14571),女生为0.48%(107/22088),异常率差异有统计学意义(χ2=12.43,P<0.01);在检出HBsAg阳性的2 034人学生中,345出现ALT升高肝功能异常,异常率为16.96%,其中男生ALT异常率为21.38%(238/1113),女生ALT异常率为11.62%(107/921),差异有统计学意义(χ2=34.13,P<0.01);2003～2009年学生HBV感染率及ALT异常率总体呈下降趋势。结论 HBV感染及ALT升高有明显人群和年度差异;应针对易感人群加强健康教育,对ALT升高者作进一步检查,以免误诊。

Objectives To ascertain the state of HBV infection and elevated ALT in freshmen at a college and provide a reference for control of hepatitis B and health education. Methods HBsAg and ALT levels were determined in 36,659 students using a microplate reader and automated biochemical analyzer, respectively. The prevalence of infection among students was analyzed by year and gender. Results Two thousand and thirty-four students tested positive for HBsAg at a rate of 5.55% （2034/36659）. Positivity among males was 7.64~/oo （1113/14571） and positivity among females was 4. 17~//00 （921/22088） ~ the difference in positivity was statistically significant （~2 = 20.16, P^0.01）. Elevated ALT and ab- normal liver function were noted at a rate of 0.94% （345/36659）. Abnormal ALT levels were noted in males at a rate of 1. 630/00 （238/14571） and in females at a rate of 0.48~ （107/22088） ; the difference in the rate of abnormal ALT levels was statistically significant （X2 ： 12.43, P^0.01）. Of the 2,034 students who were positive for HI3sAg, 345 had elevat- ed ALT levels and abnormal liver function at a rate of 16.96 % （345/2034）. Elevated ALT and abnormal liver function were noted in males at a rate of 21.38% （238/1113） and in females at a rate of 11.62~ （107/921） ; the difference in ele- vated ALT levels and abnormal liver function was statistically significant （X2 ~ 34.13, P^0.01）. Among students, the rate of HBV infection and abnormal ALT levels tended to decrease from 2003 to 2009. Conclusion There were marked population and yearly differences in HBV infection and elevated ALT. Health education for susceptible populations should be enhanced and further testing of individuals with elevated ALT should be done to avoid misdiagnosis.