农村中老年人慢性病认知现状及健康需求的调查与分析

Investigation and Analysis of Cognitive Status and Health Service Needs for Middle Aged and Elderly People with Chronic Diseases in Rural Area

目的了解农村中老年人慢性病健康知识掌握情况和健康服务需求现状,以期为政府和医疗保健机构制定农村地区改善和提高中老年人健康状况的政策和措施提供依据。方法自行设计问卷,便利抽样法选择上虞市百官镇街道三个村共402名中老年人进行问卷调查。内容包括中老年人的社会人口学特征、生活行为方式、慢性病患病情况、慢性病认知及健康服务需求等,并对中老年人慢性病认知情况和相关因素进行统计分析。结果该地区农村中老年人对慢性病相关知识认知普遍较低,其影响因素主要有性别、年龄、经济收入、文化程度、是否患有慢性病等。结论农村中老年人对慢性病防范意识需要加强,人们的文化生活要寓教于乐,具体、生动、形象地增加中老年人对慢性病相关知识的认知,达到提高健康意识和健康水平的目的。

Objective To investigate the knowledge level and health service needs on chronic diseases, so as to provide evidence for formulating policies and measures about health promotion for middle aged and elderly people in rural areas. Methods By convenience sampling method, totally 402 middle aged and elderly people who live in three villages in Baiguan town of the Shangyu city were recruited and surveyed by a self--designed questionnaire. Sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle behaviors, information of suffering from chronic illness, cognitive status about chronic illness and health service needs were investi- gated and analyzed. Results Knowledge level of chronic diseases for the middle aged and elderly people in rural areas was low and the major influencing factors are gender, age, income, education and whether suf- fering from chronic diseases. Conclusion Prevention consciousness of the middle aged and elderly people in rural areas for chronic diseases should be enhanced and making learning fun, concrete, visual and vivid is an important way to enrich people＇s cultural life and increase the knowledge about chronic diseases, so as to promote the health consciousness and health level of middle aged and elderly people.