干旱指数应用研究综述

Research Review on Application of Drought Index

干旱指数作为干旱程度的量化指标,在干旱监测、预测和水资源管理中起着重要作用,同时也是水文水资源研究领域的有效工具。近十几年来,对干旱指数的开发和改进取得了重要进展,包括将影响干旱的耗水指标--蒸散引入了指数计算、提高了模型模拟参数的精度、与水文过程模型算法相结合等方面。在干旱指数应用方面的研究,主要包括区域干旱反演与预测、作物产量预测、森林火险检测、古气候重建等。干旱指数的开发及应用为区域干旱监测和水资源管理提供了有效手段,但还需要把定量化和综合评估作为主要发展方向,提高模型监测的精确度和可靠性,从而为快速监测干旱提供新的选择和技术途径。

As a quantitative indicator of drought, drought index plays an important role in the monitoring and forecasting of drought and water resources management, and it is also a useftal research tool in the field of hydrology and water resources. Over the last decade, the primary progress in the development and improvement of drought index involved the introduction of evapotranspiration as a factor of the index calculation, which can improve the parameter accuracy in model simulation and combine with the model algo- rithm of hydrological process. The application of drought index included the inversion and prediction of regional drought, crop yield prediction, forest fire detection, and paleoclimate reconstruction. The development and application of drought index provid- ed an effective tool for regional drought monitoring and water resources management; however, the quantification and compre- hensive evaluation of drought index should be considered as research priorities, which can help improve the accuracy and reliabil- ity of model monitoring and thus provide new options and technical approaches for rapid monitoring of drought.