工程创业能力:概念框架、影响因素及提升策略

The Engineering Entrepreneurial Capacity:Conceptual Framework,Influencing Factors and Promotion Strategies

工程创业能力是拥有工程或技术相关背景知识的个人或团队,从事与工程或技术的开发、生产和服务等相关领域创业活动的意向和能力。工程创业能力的开发是现代工程教育改革的重要内容,对于我国建设创新型国家、提升科技和产业竞争力具有重要的战略意义。本文提出了工程创业能力的概念框架,从个人因素、组织因素、认知因素和环境因素方面梳理了工程创业能力形成的关键影响因素,并提出了完善创业教育政策、营造良好的工程创业氛围、创建创业教育辅导组织、构建创业教育课程体系、打造工程创业实践平台等提升策略。

The Engineering entrepreneurial capacity refers to the willingness and ability of the individuals or teams who engaged in such areas as the engineering and technological development, production and service, etc. The development for engineering entrepreneurial capacity has played an very important role in the modern engineering educational reform, in building an innovative country, and in enhancing overall national strength and competitiveness. This paper presents the conceptual framework and out- lines influencing factors of the engineering entrepreneurial capacity, and puts forward some promotion strategies such as improving entrepreneurship education policy, creating a good engineering and entre- preneurial atmosphere, establishing entrepreneurship education and counseling organizations, building the system of the entrepreneurship programs, and creating the practice platform for engineering busi- ness.