椒江口海域春秋季虾类资源分布与环境的关系

Shrimp resource distribution and its relationships with environment in the Jiaojiang Estuary of East China in spring and autumn

利用2010年春季(4月)和秋季(10月)椒江口海域渔业资源调查资料,分析了椒江口虾类资源密度的分布,优势种和水团、水深等环境因子对虾类数量和分布的影响。结果表明:椒江口海域春季和秋季虾类平均重量密度分别为7.89和86.20kg·km-2,尾数密度均值分别为11.04×103和34.41×103ind·km-2;虾类密度平面分布特征,在春季,调查海域虾类密度西部高于东部,高密度区出现在椒江河口沿岸区域,尤其是受椒江径流影响明显的北部沿海海域;在秋季,东部明显高于西部,尤其是大陈岛东南部受台湾暖流和浙江上升流影响的海域。逐步回归分析表明:椒江口表层温度与虾类重量密度和尾数密度均呈显著的相关关系(PW=0.004,PN=0.01),但水深与资源密度相关关系不显著;春季,中国毛虾(Aceteschinensis)对虾类尾数密度贡献率最大,对重量密度贡献率也较大,为春季最重要的优势种;秋季,中华管鞭虾(Solenocera crassicornis)对尾数和重量密度贡献率均最大,为秋季最重要的优势种。

Based on the survey data of fishery resources in the Jiaojiang Estuary in spring （April） and autumn （October）, 2010, this paper analyzed the distribution patterns of the shrimps in the Estuary in spring and autumn and the effects of water temperature, salinity, and depth on these distribution patterns. In spring and autumn, the average weight density of the shrimps was 7.89 and 86.20 kg·km-2, and the average number density was 11.04×103 and 34.41×103 ·km-2, respectively. In spring, the weight density was higher in the west than in the east area, but the number density was in opposite. In autumn, both the weight density and the number density were obviously higher in the east than in the west area. The shrimps in spring had the highest weight density at the coastal area of the Estuary, especially in the northwest area where the water was affected by the runoff of Jiaojiang River; whereas the shrimps in autumn had the highest weight density in the southeast area where the water was affected by the Taiwan Warm Current. The stepwise regression analysis showed that the shrimps weight density and number density were significantly correlated with surface water temperature （PW = 0.004, PN = 0.01）, but less correlated with water salinity and depth. In spring, Acetes chinensis had the greatest contribution to the shrimp number density, and had greater contribution to the shrimp weight density, being the most dominant shrimp species. In autumn, Solenocera crassicornis had the highest contribution to both the weight density and the number density of the shrimps, being the most dominant species.