高新技术产业集群知识溢出的Mar效应和Jac效应的实证研究

The Empirical Studies of Mar-Effect & Jac-Effect of Knowledge Spillover in HighTech Industrial Clusters in China

以我国54个高新技术产业开发区为研究对象,测度了我国高技术产业集群知识溢出的Mar效应和Jac效应。结果表明,沿海发达地区的Mar效应小Jac效应大;而西部落后地区则正好相反,Mar效应大Jac效应小。通过构建知识溢出半径模型,并以此构造空间权重矩阵,研究了高新技术产业集群的知识空间溢出效应。研究结果表明:Mar溢出、Jac溢出能够很好地表示我国高新技术产业集群内和高新技术产业集群之间的知识空间溢出效应。当知识溢出效应用Mar溢出、Jac溢出提取后,描述高技术产业集群发展的变量之间不再具有空间相关性;由此,最后通过构建空间固定效应面板模型,研究了Mar溢出、Jac溢出对集群经济增长和技术进步的效应。

This paper selected 54 high-tech industrial development zones in China as the research sample. Firstly, the Mar-effect and Jac-effect of knowledge spillover were measured in high-tech industry clusters in China. The resuits show that the Mar-effect was greater than Jac-effect in coastal developed region clusters, and it was opposite in the western underdeveloped regions. Secondly, by constructing the knowledge spillover radius model, and setting up space weight matrix, the knowledge spatial spillover effect of the high-tech industry clusters is discussed. The results revealed that： the Mar-spillover and the Jac-spillover can well reflect respectively, the knowledge spatial spillover effect within the high-tech industry cluster and among the high-tech industry clusters. When the spillover effects of the knowledge with Mar-effect, Jac-effect by extracting, the economics development variables of high-tech industrial clusters have no longer spatial correlation. And finally, by building space fixed effect panel data model, the effects of knowledge spatial spillovers for high-tech industry clusters economic growth and technology progress are discussed. The results show that： Mar-spillover play significant positive role on economic growth, but play significant negative role on technological progress. Instead, Jac-spillover play significant negative role on economic growth, but play significant positive role on technological progress