英国高等教育创新的政策与实践及其启示

Policy and Practice of UK’s Higher Education and Implication for China

开拓创新是一个国家发展和兴盛的必要条件,作为知识经济时代创新的重要策源地,高等教育在整个创新体系中起着至关重要的作用。在英国,创新一直备受重视,政府从20世纪末就开始从宏观上进行一系列规划,并于近年明确提出了建设"创新国家"的目标。在这些宏观政策的鼓舞下,英国高等教育机构做出了积极反应,在微观层面积极践行创新国家的理念。通过对政府宏观政策和高校微观实践的分析,可以发现前者并非后者的充分条件,高等教育创新,更多的是一个政策扶持下的自发过程。这对我国目前大力推进的各项高等教育创新工作无疑具有重要启示。

It＇s imperative for a nation to be creative and innovative in order to achieve development and prosperity. In the knowledge-based economy, the higher education plays a key role as the important base for innovation. With innovation always at the top of agenda, UK has development a series of micro planning since the end of 20th century and set a definite objective to build itself into an innovative country. That has given the higher education there more incentives to put innovation into micro-level practices. Through the analyses on macro-level polices and micro-level practices, the paper points out that the former is not the sufficient condition for the latter and innovation in higher educations should be an autogenic process under the governmental support. This has profound implications for the higher education in China in its drive to enhance the level of innovation competence.