导电聚苯胺/镀镍碳纳米管复合材料的制备与研究

Preparation and Properties of Polyaniline/Ni-Coated Carbon Nanotubes Composites

利用化学镀镍法在碳纳米管(CNTs)表面镀金属镍合金(Ni/CNTs),并以过硫酸铵为氧化剂,原位聚合法制备导电聚苯胺(PANI);通过溶液共混法,将Ni/CNTs和PANI制备成复合材料。采用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、能谱分析(EDS)、傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、紫外-可见分光光度计(UV-Vis)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和两探针法对Ni/CNTs和复合材料表面进行观察、结构测定和电性能表征。结果表明,Ni/CNTs的长度约几百纳米至几十微米,镀层的厚度在20～30nm;随着Ni/CNTs含量增加,复合材料的电导率增加,其渗滤阈值为3.5%。

By using electroless plating, metal nickel （Ni） was coated on the surface of carbon nanotubes （CNTs） and the composites Ni/CNTs were prepared. Then conductive polyaniline （PANI） was synthesized by in situ polymerization using ammonium persulfate as the oxidant. After that, the composites PANI/Ni/CNTs were prepared through the solution blending method. The morphologies and performance of the composites were characterized by transmission electron microscope （TEM）, energy dispersive spectroscopy （EDS）, fourier transmission infrared （ FT-IR）, UV-Visible Spectrophotometer （ UV-Vis）, X-ray diffraction analysis （XRD） and two probe method. Results show that the lengths of Ni/CNTs are hundreds of uanometer to tens of microns, and the thickness of the coating is about 20 -30 nm. With Ni/CNTs contents increasing, the conductivities of the composites PANI/Ni/CNTs also increase. The percolation threshold value of it is about 3.5%.