膝关节表面置换术治疗骨性关节病疗效及并发症预防

Curative effect and prevention of complications of total knee arthroplasty for osteoarthrosis

目的探讨人工膝关节表面置换术(TKA)治疗膝关节骨性关节病的疗效及并发症的预防措施。方法对22例膝关节骨性关节病患者(26膝)行TKA,术前积极治疗合并症,重视预防感染及静脉血栓栓塞等并发症;术后早期康复训练以促进关节功能恢复。结果患者均获随访,时间14～54个月。关节功能按HSS评分标准评定:优19膝,良6膝,可1膝。结论 TKA对膝关节骨性关节病的疼痛消除、畸形矫正、功能改善等方面疗效优良。充分认识感染及静脉血栓栓塞症形成的高危因素,做好术前准备、熟练的手术技术和完善的术后康复训练可有效预防并发症的发生。

Objective To investigate the efficacy and the prevention measures for complications of total knee arthro- plasty （TKA） in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis disease. Methods TKA was performed on 22 cases （26 knees） with knee osteoarthritis patients. It was stressed to make preoperative aggressive treatment of complications and the prevention of risk factors leading to the main complications such as the formation of infection and venous thromboembolism, and early postoperative rehabilitation training in order to promote the recovery of joint function. Results All the patients were followed up for 14 -54 months. According to HSS score standard, there were 19 excellent knees, 6 good and 1 fair. Conclusions TKA have great efficacy to the pain eliminating, deformity, function improvement and other aspects of knee osteoarthritis disease. Sufficient preoperative preparation （To fully understand the risk factors of infection and venous thromboembolism）, skilled surgical techniques and postoperative rehabilitation training are key factors for prevention of complications.