发现独乐寺

Discovering the Dule-si

梁思成1932年发表的《蓟县独乐寺观音阁山门考》是"发现独乐寺"的标志,也是中国建筑学术史上的里程碑。尽管考察的契机缘于关野贞此前的偶遇,但梁思成的研究并未局限于辽代建筑的视野,而是致力于隋唐以来的整个中国建筑史的架构。这一研究有相当复杂的学术脉络,不仅根植于"巴黎美术学院—宾大"的建筑学知识体系,而且直接受到东西方不同背景学者的影响,还大量使用了中国传统的建筑术语,并以古雅的汉语写作。这一研究的实质是西方学术的一种"中国化",如果拓展到更宏观的视野,是中国的"现代化"的表现。"发现独乐寺"作为包含一系列历史事件的复杂集合,则是中国今天仍在持续的"现代化"这一历史进程的缩影。

Liang Sicheng's Two Liao Struc tures of Tu-lo Ssu, Chi Hsien'publishd in 1932 served as a milestone in the discipline of Chinese architectural history. His research was supported by the Society for Research in Chinese Architecture under Zhu Qiqian and triggered by his encounter with Sekino Tadashi. The aim of Liang's study was not limited to Liao architecture. Instead, he concentrated on constructing a comprehensive framework for Chinese architectural history tracing back to the Sui-Tang period. His research was influenced by different scholarly traditions in addition to utilizing traditional Chinese architectural terminology. More importantly, his scholarship was also deeply rooted in the Beaux-arts training he received at the University of Pennsylvania. Despite the classic touch in the language he adopted in his writing, the core of Liang’s scholarship is in fact Western architectural discourse in a Sinicized form. Discovering the Dule-si as an accumulation through a chain of historic events also serves as an epitome of China's Modernization process.