城市规划实施有效性评价:从关注结果转向关注过程的动态监控

Urban Planning Implementation Efficacy Evaluation:From Result To Process Monitoring

系统、全面的城市规划实施有效性评价在我国还没有真正开展。目前,我国的城市规划实施有效性评价主要是通过评价城市总体规划的实施结果来完成,评价方法基本局限于一般的空间符合性、目标符合性评价。然而,由于城市规划的综合性、复杂性,规划主体的多元性以及规划本身作为一种公共政策的制度属性,加上我国快速城镇化的发展现实,这种结果符合性评价在现实中往往演变成仅仅作为修编城市总体规划的基础性依据,而对于揭示和提升城市规划实施成效方面的作用甚微。结合对城市规划实施有效性本质意义和目的的诠释,以及对西方长期以来整体、全面综合评价城市规划实施有效性方法所面临问题的分析,研究在对城市规划实施成效评价的实质性作用和意义进行反思的基础上,提出了我国城市总体规划实施成效的评价应当从仅仅关注结果的符合性评价转变为以符合性评价为基础,完善规划实施在基层的监督权、责、利的正式制度配置,重点关注过程的动态规划评价。

Systematic and comprehensive urban planning implementation efficacy evaluation is yet to be conducted. Present evaluations work on master plan implementation from space and vision realization. Urban master plan is a comprehensive, complex, multiple faceted public policy. Current evaluation does little in revealing and improving urban planning implementation efficacy. The paper analyzes western evaluation approaches and problems, reviews evaluation function and efficacy, suggests planning implementation evaluation be based on matched-degree evaluation, integrates grass root right, responsibility, and benefit institutions, and shifts from result evaluation to dynamic process evaluation.