GIS在流域非点源污染研究中的应用述评

Application Review of GIS in the Study of Non-Point Source Pollution in River Basin

与传统的点源污染不同,非点源污染具有随机性、不确定性等特点,并与气候、土地利用等因素密切相关。非点源污染研究需要大量的具有空间分布特征的数据,应用于非点源研究的分布式数学模型对空间数据的处理提出了更高的要求,因此将GIS应用于非点源污染研究中具有其必要性。通过归纳总结国内外GIS在流域非点源污染研究中的应用现状,分析了GIS应用于非点源污染研究的主要方法和特点,并对今后的研究方向进行了探讨。

Compared with the traditional point source pollution,nonpoint source pollution（NPS）has the characteristics of uncertainty and randomicity,and closely relates to the climate and land use,etc.The NPS research needs plenty of data with spatial distribution features,and the distributed mathematical model used in NPS study requires more for the spatial data process.Therefore,it is necessary to apply GIS to the study of NPS.Through the summary of the current application status of the GIS in NPS study at home and abroad,this paper analyzed the main methods and characteristics of GIS used in NPS and discussed the research direction in the future.