运用GIS技术确定河岸带范围的方法研究

Study on Method to Determine the Scope of Riparian Zone with GIS Technology

河岸带作为水陆交错带,承担着拦截面源污染、防洪、维系生物多样性等重要作用,准确界定河岸带范围有利于河岸带的研究、保护、恢复和管理。以辽宁省大凌河为例,基于大凌河流域数字高程数据,采用地形提取与实测对比分析法,运用GIS技术开展流域水系、等高线、河道大断面提取,根据提取河道断面与实测断面对比分析,确定不同河段河岸带陆域边界界定点,通过干流397个数字断面分析,得到大凌河河岸带定量划分结果。运用GIS技术处理数字高程数据,并与实际勘测相结合对河岸带进行定量提取,结果显示所提取河岸带范围与实际比较接近,可应用于其他地区河流河岸带范围界定研究。

As the zone which river and land crisscrossed,the riparian zone is under many important tasks such as intercepting the nonpoint source pollution,flood control,maintaining biodiversity,etc..Because of that,accurate confirming the range of riparian zone is advantageous for the research,protect,recovery,and administration.Taking the Daling River in the Liaoning Province as a sample,based on the digital elevation data of the Daling River,using GIS technology to carry out extracting the data of drainage basin,contour line,and the cross-sections of the river,according to the comparing and analysis of the extracting and the measured data of the river’s cross-sections,this paper confirmed different border defining points of the riparian zone’s river and land border,which suitable to different parts of the river,and through 397 digital analysis date of extracting cross-sections,obtained the result of the riparian quantitative classification of the Daling River.This research made use of GIS technology to handle the digital elevation data,and combined the actual survey to finish the quantitative extraction of the riparian zone.Compared with the extracted range of riparian zone and the actual range,the result shows that they are quite close,which means the method could be applied in research of other rivers’ range defining of riparian zone.