西部生态脆弱区典型县域农用地质量等别对比研究

Comparison and analysis on agricultural land grading of typical counties in western ecological fragile area

以云南陆良、重庆丰都、陕西凤翔、新疆阿勒泰以及内蒙古达拉特为例,基于农用地分等成果,对五县农用地质量等别特征及其差异状况进行了对比研究,在此基础上,探讨了五县国家级自然质量等别、利用等别及经济等别与县域内标准耕作制度、农用地结构、土壤条件及灌排条件的相关关系,查明了农用地质量等别限制因素。结果表明:以上述五县为代表的西部地区农用地等别总体偏低,农用地多为中等地和低等地,高等地分布较少,优等地无分布;五县之间等别差异较明显,农用地质量从优至劣大致顺序为陕西凤翔、云南陆良、重庆丰都、新疆阿勒泰、内蒙古达拉特;五县国家级农用地等别与标准耕作制度、土壤条件以及灌排条件密切相关,应根据不同生态脆弱类型区的主导限制因素,制定相应的农用地质量提升策略。

Based on the results of agricultural land grading, Luliang county in Yunnan Province, Fengdu county in Chongqing City, Fengxiang county in Shanxi Province, Altay county in Xinjiang Province, Dalate county in In- ner Mongolia were adopted to compare the characteristics and differences of agricultural land grading among the five counties, and the relationships between natural grading, utilization grading , and economic grading of agri- cultural land and standard farming system, cultivated land structure, soil conditions and irrigation and drainage condition of the five counties were discussed. The limiting factors of agricultural land grading has been found to provide basis for decision making of how to improve agricultural land grading entirely. The results showed that the agricultural land grading in western region with the representative of the above five counties is relatively low overall, there are larger area of agricultural land at medium and low grade, less area with high grade and no ex- cellent grade. The differences of land grading Fengdu grading between the five counties are obvious, the sequences of the land from superior to inferior is Fengxiang county in Shanxi Province, Luliang county in Yunnan Province, county in Chongqing City, Ahay county in Xinjiang Province, and Dalate county in Inner Mongolia. The national agricultural grading has a very intimate relationship with standard farming system, cultivated land struc- ture, soil conditions and irrigation and drainage condition. Corresponding farmland quality improvement strategy should be made according to the dominant limiting factors of different ecological fragile areas.