足月及近足月新生儿与早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征临床比较分析

Term and nearly full-term and premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome clinical analysis

目的分析足月及近足月新生儿与早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征的临床特点。方法选择40例新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征患儿,根据胎龄,将≥34周的18例新生儿作为(近)足月组,<34周的22例新生儿作为早产组,比较两组患儿呼吸窘迫综合征发生的原因、高危因素、分娩方式、合并症、机械通气时间、肺表面活性物质使用情况及住院时间等指标。结果呼吸窘迫综合征发生的原因主要是肺表面活性物质合成不足。(近)足月组剖宫产率、持续肺动脉高压发生率及呼吸机使用率明显高于早产组;颅内出血的发生率及肺表面活性物质使用率(近)足月组低于早产组;两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(近)足月组治愈率低于早产组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论早产儿、近足月及足月新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征的发生原因及治疗方法不尽相同,早产儿的治疗方法主要是给予肺表面活性物质,(近)足月新生儿以对症治疗与呼吸支持为主。

Objective Clinical characteristics of syndrome： analysis of the term and nearly full -term and premature infants with re- spiratory distress. Methods A total of 40 cases of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome in children, according to gestational age, will be ≥ 18 neonates of 34 weeks for the （near） the full - term group, 〈 22 newborns 34 weeks for the premature group, compared two groups of patients with respiratory distress syndrome causes, high - risk factors, delivery mode, merge disease, duration of mechanical ventilation, pulmonary sur- factant usage and hospitalization time were. Results Respiratory distress syndrome is the main cause of pulmonary surfactant synthesis. （near- ly ） full - terra cesarean section rate, persistent pulmonary hypertension and the incidence of ventilator use rate was higher in the preterm group ; the incidence of intracranial hemorrhage and pulmonary surfactant usage near full - term group was lower than that of the preterm group; there was significant difference between two groups （P 〈0.05）. （near） the full- term group cure rate is lower than the preterm group, the differ- ence was statistically significant （P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The near term and preterm infants, full - term neonatal respiratory distress syndrome causes and treatment methods are not the same, method of treatment in premature infants is mainly to pulmonary surfactant, （nearly） in full - term neonates with symptomatic treatment and respiratory support.