预防性护理对全麻下留置导尿管患者苏醒时尿道舒适度的影响

Preventive care on wake comfort in indwelling catheter patients under general anesthesia

目的采用预防性护理对全麻下留置导尿管患者术后麻醉苏醒时舒适度的影响。方法选取140例老年男性全麻手术患者随机分为两组(各70例),对照组患者采用全麻手术留置导尿管常规护理,观察组患者采用全麻手术留置导尿管预防性护理,主要包括术前1 d访视及麻醉诱导前进行心理护理、健康宣教,插管时间选择在麻醉诱导后,选择14号导尿管、插入合适的深度、气囊内注入10～12 ml生理盐水等,观察比较两组患者术后麻醉苏醒后及术后2 d时的尿道舒适度。结果观察组术后尿道刺激症状0级、Ⅰ级比例为85.71%,对照组为71.42%,观察组高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级比例为14.19%,对照组为28.58%,观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组术后2 d尿道刺激症状0级、Ⅰ级比例为91.43%,对照组为75.72%,观察组高于对照组(P<0.05),观察组Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级比例为8.57%,对照组为24.28%,观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论对全麻下留置尿管的患者实施预防性护理,可减轻患者尿道不适感,促进患者术后恢复,体现了人性化护理服务。

Objective To observe the influence of preventive care on postoperative anesthesia comfort in indwelling catheter patients under general anesthesia. Methods A total of 140 cases of elderly male patients with general anesthesia and envelopes were randomly divid- ed into two groups - - 70 cases in control group using general anesthesia indwelling catheter routine care, and the other 70 cases in observa- tion group who received prevention nursing after indwelling catheter under general anesthesia, including psychological care, health education on 1 d preoperative visits and before induction of anesthesia, intubation after induction of anesthesia, the 14th catheter being chosen, inserted into the proper depth, 10 - 12 ml of normal saline injected into the balloon etc. , and then the urethra comfort postoperative anesthesia and postoperative 2d was observed. Results The postoperative urethral irritation class 0 and I ratio was 85.71% and 71.42% in control and the observation group, and the ratio in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control （P 〈0.05） ; class II, III ratio of observation group was 14.19% , which was significantly lower than that of the control group （28.58%） （ P 〈0.05）. After 2d urethral irrita- tion, the class 0, I ratio of observation group was 91.43%, which was significantly higher than that of control （75.72%） （ P 〈 0.05） ; class II, III ratio of the observation group was 8.57%, which was significantly lower than that of the control （24.28%） （ P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion The implementation of preventive care under general anesthesia in patients with indwelling catheter may reduce urethral discomfort in pa- tients, thus it contributes to the postoperative recovery, and accordingly embodies the humane care.