行、刑衔接中的证据问题研究——以《刑事诉讼法》第52条第2款为分析文本

Study on Evidence in Referral of Administrative Execution to Criminal Procedure——Analysis of Paragraph 2 of Article 52 in the Revised Criminal Procedure Law

从行政违法和犯罪行为之间"质"与"量"的二元关系出发,从证据的本质属性和取证主体的规范分析入手,行政机关在行政执法和查办案件中收集的部分证据材料,在刑事诉讼中可直接作为证据使用,无需转化。然而在行、刑衔接中证据材料可直接移送的范围,原则上应仅限于物证、书证、视听资料和电子数据这几类实物证据。未来的行、刑衔接中为了使证据的移送有序、顺畅,应尽快实现行、刑衔接中证据种类的统一,同时对此类证据的审查判断和适用排除规则的标准也应兼采行政诉讼和刑事诉讼取证、排除规则的双重标准。

Since the relation between administrative malpractice and criminal conduct is based on the ＂quality＂and＂quantity＂,and considering the essential attributes of evidence and the norm analysis of the subject responsible for collecting evidence,it is suggested that some evidence collected by administrative organs in administrative execution and investigation should be used as evidence for the criminal procedure directly without conversion.However,the scope and type of evidence should be limited to material evidence,documentary evidence,video and audio materials and electronic data.It is held that in future practice,the type of evidence should be unified so as to guarantee an orderly and smooth transfer of evidence.Besides,a double standard of evidence collection and exclusionary rules for both administrative litigation and criminal litigation should be applied to review the evidence for referral.