2010与2012年安康中心城区蚊类调查研究

Investigation on the mosquitoes in the center urban area of Ankang City in 2010 and 2012

目的了解安康中心城区2010与2012年蚊类种群密度季节消长规律,为制订蚊类综合防制措施提供依据。方法 2010与2012年4～10月在不同的孳生场所采用诱蚊灯法,将捕获的蚊类进行分类统计。结果共捕获蚊类4属7种,其中三带喙库蚊、淡色库蚊、骚扰阿蚊、致倦库蚊、中华按蚊分别占捕蚊总数的45.33%、35.75%、9.42%、4.95%、4.49%,三带喙库蚊、淡色库蚊为优势蚊种;2010与2012年蚊类季节消长趋势基本相同,4月初开始出现,密度高峰期在5月下旬～8月上旬,5月下旬～7月上旬为密度最高峰,从8月上旬～10月底蚊类季节消长曲线基本呈下降趋势;以医院、畜圈棚的蚊类密度最高,分别为3.82、3.39只/灯.h;2012年与2010年相比,2012年每旬密度都较低;2010年、2012年蚊类种群不同季节、不同孳生场所的分布差异均有统计学意义。结论安康中心城区蚊虫密度仍较高,应进一步建立以孳生地治理为主,辅以生物、物理、化学防制的综合防制措施体系。长期、连续、系统地开展蚊类监测和灭蚊药品抗性试验,为预防控制蚊类和蚊传疾病提供科学依据。

Objective To investigate the seasonal change rules of population density of mosquitoes in the center urban of Ankang in 2010 and 2012, so as to provide basis for formulating control and prevention measures. Methods Lamp baited trap method was applied to the surveillance from April to October in 2010 and 2012 at different breeding places of the mosquito, and the mosquitoes captured were classified and counted. Results A total of 4 genera and 7 species of mosquitoes were captured, including culex tritaeniorhynchus, culex pipi- ens pallens, armigeres subalbatus, culex fatigans and anopheles sinensis, which accounted for 45.33%, 35.75% , 9.42% , 4.95% , 4.49% , respectively. The seasonal growth and decay of mosquitoes were the same in 2010 and 2012. Mosquitoes began to appear at the beginning of April, density peak appeared from late May to early August, and the highest density appeared from late May to early July. From early August to late October, mosquito seasonal fluctuation curve decreased gradually. The mosquito density of the hospital and animal shed was 3.82, 3.39 per lamp · h respectively; Compared with 2012 and 2010, the density of each ten - day in 2012 was low. There was significant difference of mosquito population distribution in differ- ent seasons and different breeding places in 2010 and 2012. Conclusions The mosquito density was still high in the center urban area of Ankang, thus we should further establish the comprehensive measures of prevention and control system based on a breeding ground, and supplemented by biological, physical and chemical. Long -term, continuous, systematic monitoring and killing mosquito drug resistance test will provide scientific ba- sis for prevention and control of mosquito and mosquito - borne diseases.